On January 24th, 1822, was murdered fighting till the end, Ali Pasha. Because of his bravery but also his cruelty he was called kara Ali, black brave. He managed to establish a great and powerful Patriarchy that included many territories. He built diplomatic relationship with the powers of the time. He paid a special attention to the fortification, the public order but also the development of trade. His head was taken as a trophy to the sultan in Istanbul.